Is the Bible Scripture

Writer	Cr	Ba	Ig	Pa	Di	Dg	Po		JM		He		Th		Me	Ae	Ir	Te		CA		Hi		Or		Nv		an		Cp
Old T.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		W	-	W	W		-		W		W		W		W		W
Gen	B	G	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		W		W	A	B	G		W		W		W		W		W		W
Ex	G	W	-	-	Q	-	-		W		-		G		W	-	W	W		Q		W		W		W		Q		W
Lev	-	W	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		W	-	1/2	W		W		-		W		-		-		W
Num	Q	-	A	-	-	-	-		W		A		-		W	-	W	W		B		W		W		-		W		W
Dt	Q	W	A	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		W	-	W	W		W		W		W		W		W		W
Josh	Q	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		W	-	W	W		W		Q		B		-		-		W
Jdg	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		W	-	A	W		W		-		W		-		W		W
Ruth	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		W	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
1,2Sm	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		Q		-		-		W	-	B	A		W		W		W		-		Q		W
1,2Ki	A	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		W	-	Q	W		W		Q		W		-		W		W
1,2Ch	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		W	-	-	-		-		W		W		1/2		-		W
Ezr	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	-		-		-		A		-		-		-
Neh	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		Q
Esth	W	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		W		-		W		-		-		-
Job	B	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		Q		W	-	-	-		W		W		W		-		-		W
Ps	W	W	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		W		W	-	W	W		W		W		W		W		W		W
Prov	G	-	G	-	-	-	-		W		-		W		W	B	W	W		W		W		W		-		-		W
Ecc	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		A		-		W	-	-	W		W		W		W		-		-		W
SofS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		W	-	A	W		-		W		W		-		-		W
Isa	Q	G	Q	-	-	-	Q		W		-		W		W	W	W	W		W		W		W		W		W		W
Jer	-	G	-	-	-	-	-		W		A		W		W	W	W	W		W		W		W		-		W		W
Lam	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	A	Q		W		-		W		-		-		Q
Ezek	G	G	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		W		W	-	W	W		W		W		W		A		W		W
Daniel	A	B	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		W	-	W	W		W		W		W		-		W		W
12 min-or pro.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		W	-	-	-		-		-		W		-		-		-
Hosea	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		W		-	-	W	W		W		Q		W		W		-		W
Joel	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		B		-		W		-	-	B	W		W		-		W		W		Q		W
Amos	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		-	-	B	W		W		W		Q		1/2		-		W
Obad	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Jonah	A	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		-	-	W	W		W		-		-		-		-		-
Micah	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		W	-	Q	W		W		W		B		-		Q		W
Nahum	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	W		Q		-		-		-		-		W
Hab	B	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		W		W	-	W	W		W		-		W		W		-		W
Zeph	-	B	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	-		W		-		W		-		A		W
Haggai	-	B	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	A		B		-		W		-		-		W
Zech	-	G	-	-	-	-	-		W		A		W		-	-	W	W		W		1/2		W		W		W		W
Malachi	1/2	-	-	-	-	A	-		W		-		W		-	-	W	W		W		W		W		-		-		W
Writer	Cr	Ba	Ig	Pa	Di	Dg	Po	JM		He		Th		Me		Ae	Ir	Te	CA		Hi		Or		Nv		an		Cp
Time	97/98 A.D.							150 A.D.				168 A.D.						200			225 A.D.''''''''''''' 258 A.D.
Pages	151 pages									135 pgs							264	854	424		225		622		57 pgs				270

1q Qualification

The Old Testament itself mentions some books and records we do not have any copies of today.

Acts of Solomon '''''''' 1 Kings 11-41

Chronicles of Kings '''' 1 Ki 14:19, 29, 2 Ki 19:9-12, 11

Kings of Judah/Israel'' 2 Chr 16:11,25:26;28:26,32;27:2; 35:27;36:8

Kings of Israel'''' '''''''' 2 Chr 20:34;33:18;24:7;1Ki14:19

Jasher (Upright one) '' Joshua 10:13; 2 Samuel 1:18

Wars of the Lord '''''''' Numbers 21:14

These are not scripture, but simply other reliable records.

Theophilus of Antioch mentions Habakkuk in Theophilus to Autolycus book 2 ch.35 p.108.

Melito/Meleto of Sardis lists the books in the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 4 books of Kings, 2 books of Chronicles, Psalms of David, Proverbs of Solomon (also called the Book of Wisdom), Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Job, the books of the Prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah, the twelve in a single book, Daniel, Ezekiel, Esdras. (He did not mention Lamentations, but he might have considered it part of Jeremiah.) Apart from Lamentations and lumping the twelve together, Melito mentioned every single book except Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther. Fragment 4 p.759.

Melito of Sardis mentions Micah and Habakkuk p.761

Asterius Urbanus (c.232 A.D.) mentions "the Old Testament prophets, or any of the New", and then mentions Agabus, Judas, Silas, the daughters of Philip, or the woman Ammia in Philadelphia. from book 3 ch.9 p.337

Tertullian mentions Hosea in Tertullian's Five Books Against Marcion book 1 ch.20 p.286

Tertullian mentions Ezekiel and quotes Ezekiel 28:11-16 (Septuagint) in Tertullian's Five Books Against Marcion book 2 ch.10 p.305-306

Tertullian mentions the Old and New Testaments in Tertullian's Five Books Against Marcion (207/208 A.D.) book 4 ch.6 p.351. and book 4 ch.22 p.384.

The Octavius of Minucius Felix (210 A.D.) does not mention any books of the Bible or apocrypha.

Origen mentions Genesis and Deuteronomy as by Moses in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.29 p.555

Origen mentions the Pentateuch. Origen's Commentary on John (225-231 A.D.) book 5 ch.4 p.347

Origen mentions the 12 minor prophets p.615

Origen mentions the twelve (prophets of the Old Testament) and then quotes Hosea 10:12. Origen's Commentary on John book 2 ch.20 vol.9 p.337

Origen mentions Malachi by name in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.62 p.602. Origen quotes from part of Malachi 3:2 as "holy scripture" in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.15 p.549

Origen refers to Ezekiel by name in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.15 p.549 and p.615

Origen refers to the "Old Testament" in Against Celsus book 7 ch.24 p.620

Hippolytus mentions Job in Expository Treatise Against the Jews ch.8 p.220.

Novatian mentions the Old and New Testaments in Treatise Concerning the Trinity ch.17 p.627.

The anonymous Treatise on Rebaptism mentions the Old and New Testaments ch.13 p.675

Archelaus (262-278 A.D.) mentions the Old Testament and New Testament in The Disputation with Manes ch.41 p.214

Diodorus (262-278 A.D.) mentions the Old Testament in The Disputation with Manes ch.40 p.214

Cyprian mentions the Old Testament in Treatises of Cyprian Treatise 12 ch.4 p.509

Methodius mentions the Old Testament in The Banquet of the Ten Virgins Discourse 10 ch.2 p.348

Alexander of Lycopolis (301 A.D.) mentions the Old and New Scriptures in his refutation called Of the Manichaeans ch.5 p.243.

2 (Apoc) Apocryphal Books

Writer	Cr	Ba	Ig	Pa	Di	Dg	Po		JM		He		Th		Me	Ae	Ir	Te		CA		Hi		Or		JA		Nv		an		Cp
Tobit	-	-	-	-	-	-	1/2		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		B		A		W		-		-		-		W
Judith	W	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		W		-		A		-		-		-		-
Wisdom	W	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		Q		-		-		-		-		-		W
Ecclus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		Q		W
Baruch	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		Q		Q		-		-		-		-		W
Bel	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	A		-		-		W		-		-		-		A
Susan	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	W	W		W		W		W		X		-		-		W
3 Holy	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		-		A		-		-		-		-		W
Manass	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
3 Esdra	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		-		-		Q		-		-		-		-
Esdras -general	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		W		-		-		W	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		W
1,2 Mac	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		W		-		W		-		-		-		W
3,4 Mac	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		X	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Writer	Cr	Ba	Ig	Pa	Di	Dg	Po	JM		He		Th		Me		Ae	Ir	Te	CA		Hi		Or		JA		Nv		an		Cp
Time	97/98 A.D.							150 A.D.				168 A.D.						200			225 A.D.''''''''''''' 258 A.D.
Pages	151 pages									135 pgs							264	854	424		225		622		8		57 pgs				270

Melito of Sardis excluded, Nehemiah, Esther, and the Apocrypha according to

http://www.earlychurch.org.uk/melito.php.

1 Clem Judith "the friend" ch.10 p.7; ch.55 p.20 by name

1 Clement mentions the book of Wisdom in First Clement ch.3 p.6

Polycarp quotes Tobit 4:10; 12:9 "alms delivers from death" without giving the source in Polycarp's Letter to the Philippians ch.10 p.35

Ignatius quoted Dan 13:52 (from Susanna) p.60. But this is in the longer version only, and we think the shorter version is more accurate.

Justin Martyr mentions Esdras in Dialogue with Trypho ch.72 p.234

Mention on the story of Susanna as found in Daniel. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 4 ch.26.3 p.497

Both Minucius Felix and Commodianus in their short surviving works did not refer to either the apocrypha or the Old Testament.

Tertullian mentions Susanna by name (Dan 13:32) in De Corona ch.4 vol.3 p.95

Tertullian alludes to a phrase in Bel and the Dragon in On Fasting ch.7 vol.4 p.107

Clement of Alexandria quotes Tobit 12:8a as scripture. Does not refer to it as Tobit though. p.503

Clement of Alexandria quotes Baruch 3:16-19a p.247

Clement of Alexandria quotes from Ecclesiasticus in ten places on p.225,226,227,228,229,230,231

Clement of Alexandria mentions by name Judith and Susanna p.431

Clement of Alexandria quotes Wisdom 11:24 "For there is nothing which the Lord hates." The Instructor book 1 ch.8 p.225

Clement of Alexandria mentions the Maccabees in The Stromata book 5 ch.14 p.467

Hippolytus wrote a commentary on Susanna. We have preserved just over three pages. p.193

Hippolytus refers to Tobias in Tobit 3:17 Commentary on Susanna p.193

Mention of the Maccabees Origen's De Principiis 2.1.5 p.270. Also 2 Maccabees 7:28 as Maccabees in Origen's Commentary on John ch.18 vol.9 p.306-307.

Origen alludes to Esther in the Septuagint (Esther 4:22) ??? p.330

Origen alludes to Judith (Judith 9:2) in Commentary On John book 2 ch.17 p.335

Origen quotes from 3 Esdras 4:37,41,47 without giving the source in Commentary on John book 3 ch.1 vol.9 p.349

Origen tells Julius Africanus that Susanna is scripture

Origen mentions the apocryphal book of Tobit. Origen's Letter to Julius Africanus ch.12 p.391. Also in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.19 p.51 he mentions "the book of Tobit" and quotes from Tobit 12:7.

Origen alludes to Judith 20:28, incorrectly saying it is in the book of Judges in Commentary On John book 6 ch.7 vol.9 p.357

Origen knew of the Jewish Apocryphal work, The Prayer of Joseph but did not believe it true. Origen's Commentary on John book 2 ch.25 p.341

Origen mentions the Wisdom of Solomon saying it is not accepted as authoritative by all. Origen's De Principiis elucidations p.384. He mentions "Solomon, moreover, on 'Wisdom' and quotes from the Wisdom of Solomon 10:5 in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.29 p.556.

Hippolytus quotes from Baruch 3:36, etc. in Against the Heresy of One Noetus ch.4 p.225.

Novatian does not refer to any apocryphal books

Julius Africanus wrote a letter to Origen, that the story of Susanna should not be considered scripture.

Anonymous Treatise Against Novatian quotes from Ecclesiasticus 2:10,12 I ch.18 p.663

Cyprian refers to Tobit 2:14 as Tobias p.534, also p.551

Cyprian refers to Ecclesiasticus 27:5 as by Solomon in Treatises of Cyprian Testimonies ch.6 p.534, also p.547,551,553

Cyprian refers to Bel and the Dragon ch.5 in Letter 50.6 p.346

Cyprian refers to Baruch 6:6 saying it is by Jeremiah

Cyprian quotes Proverbs 28:28, incorrectly saying it is in the Wisdom of Solomon in Treatises of Cyprian Testimonies ch.6 p.537

Cyprian refers to 1 Maccabees 2:52 saying it is in Maccabees in The Treatises of Cyprian Testimonies ch.15 p.537

3 (NT) 27 Books of the New Testament

2 Pet 2:17 has a quote from Jesus from Mt 17:5; Mk 9:7; Lk 9:35

See the Da Vinci Code paper for more on the New Testament

3q Qualification

Paul has a quote from an unknown source in Eph 5:14

4 (Other) Other Books

Early Christian writers referred to each other, as well as some books we do not have today. The top row is the person writing, and the left column is the person or book referred to.

Writer	Cr	Ba	Ig	Pa	Di	Dg	Po		JM		He		Th		Me	Ae	Ir	Te		CA	Hi	Or		JA		Nv		an		Cp
1 Enoch	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	1/2		-	-	X		-		-		-		-
Assumption of Moses													-		-	-		-				1/2
Cr	O	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	W	-		W	-	A		-		-		-		-
Ba	O	O	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	-		W	-	W		-		-		-		-
Ig	O	-	O	-	-	-	W		-		-		-		-	-	W	-		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Pa	O	-	-	O	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	-		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Di	O	O	O	-	O	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	-		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Dg	O	O	O	O	O	O	-		-		-		-		-	-	-	-		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Po	O	O	-	-	-	O	O		-		-		-		-	-	W	-		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Jm	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		-		-		-	-	W	W		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
He	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		-		O		-		-	-	W	X		W	-	W		-		-		-		-
Th	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		-		O		-	-	-	-		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Me	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		-		-		O	-	-	-		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Ae	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		-		-		-	O	-	-		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Ir	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		-		O	O	O	W		-	W	-		-		-		-		-
Te	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		O		O	O	O	O		-	-	-		-		-		-		-
Ca	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		O		O	O	O	-		O	-	-		-		-		-		-
Hi	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		O		O	O	O	O		O	O	-		-		-		-		-
Or	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		O		O	O	O	O		O	-	O		W		-		-		-
Ju	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		O		O	O	O	O		O	-	W		O		-		-		-
Nv	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		O		O	O	O	O		O	O	-		-		O		X		X
An	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		O		O	O	O	O		O	O	-		-		-		O		-
Cp	O	O	O	O	O	O	O		O		O		O		O	O	O	O		O	O	O		-		-		-		O
Preach. of Peter	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-	-	W	-		W	-	-		-		-		-		-
Writer	Cr	Ba	Ig	Pa	Di	Dg	Po	JM		He		Th		Me		Ae	Ir	Te	CA		Hi	Or	JA		Nv		an		Cp
Time	97/98 A.D.							150 A.D.				168 A.D.						200			225 A.D.''''''''''''' 258 A.D.
Pages	151 pages									135 pgs							264	854	424		225	622	8		57 pgs				270

1/2 for Tertullian means that Tertullian thought it should be scripture, but he acknowledged that most did not accept it as scripture.

1/2 for Origen means he mentions it, and it is ambiguous whether he believes it inspired or not.

Polycarp mentions Ignatius' latter in Polycarp's Letter to the Philippians ch.13 p.36

Irenaeus mentions Clement of Rome writing to the Corinthians. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 3 ch.3 p.416

Irenaeus mentions Polycarp writing a letter to the Philippians. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 3 ch.3 p.416

Irenaeus mentions Justin [Martyr] in Irenaeus Against Heresies book 4 ch.2 p.468.

Irenaeus refers to the Shepherd of Hermas as scripture. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 4 ch.20.2 p.488

Irenaeus mentions the Preaching of Peter

Preaching of Peter. Clement of Alexandria Stromata book p.490-491, 510

Tertullian mentions the Book of Enoch as Scripture. He added that some to not regard this as scripture, as it was supposed it would not have survived the flood, and it is not in the Jewish canon either. Tertullian's On the Apparel of Women book 1 ch.3 p.15-16

Tertullian mentions Tatian, disciple of Justin Martyr in Against All Heresies ch.7 p.654

Tertullian mentions Irenaeus in Against the Valentinians ch.5 p.506

Clement of Alexandria refers to the Shepherd of Hermas in The Stromata book 1 ch.17 p.319 and book 6 ch.6 p.491

Refers to Clement of Rome. Clement of Alexandria Stromata book 5 ch.12 p.4763; book 14 ch.17 p.428

Refers to Barnabas' writing. Clement of Alexandria Stromata book 5 ch.10 p.459

Origen mentions the Ascension of Moses (Assumption of Moses) in de Principiis book 3 ch.2 p.328.

Origen alludes to 1 Clement 55 in Commentary On John book 6 ch.36 p.376

Origen refers to "The Shepherd" in Commentary On John book 1 ch.18 p.207

Quote from the Shepherd of Hermas. Origen's De Principiis 2.1.5 p.270

Origen mentions "The Prayer of Joseph" as an apocryphal work. He did not recommend it though. Origen's Commentary on John ch.25 p.341

Origen quotes from the Book of Enoch ch.17 referring to it as "Enoch" Origen's De Principiis 4.1.35 p.380

"Hence, therefore, may the lovers of learning and of antiquity understand the history, and see that those things are recent which are told by us apart from the holy prophets." Theophilus to Autolychus (168-181/188 A.D.) book 2 ch.32 p.107

"...the dates of events ascertained, that the chronological connections may be opened up, and thus the reckonings of the various annals be made to give forth light. We must go abroad into the histories and literature of all nations. And, in fact, we have already brought the proof in part before you, in giving those hints as to how it is to be effected." Tertullian's Apology ch.19 p.33

Historian		JM	He	Th	Me	Ae	Ir	Te	MF	CA	Hi	Or	JA	Nv	an	Cp
Apion		X	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	-
Josephus Flavius (Jewish historian)		X	-	X	-	-	X	X	X	X	X	X	-	-	-	-
Berosus (Chaldean historian)		X	-	X	-	-	-	X	-			-	X	-	-
King Hieromus of Tyre (historian)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
King Juba		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
Manetho (Egyptian historian)		-	-	X	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Thalles/Thallus (Samaritan wrote History)		X	-	X	-	-	-	X	X			-	X	-	-
GRECO-ROMAN HISTORIANS
Acusilaus		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X		-	X	-	-
Alexander Polyhistor		X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-			-	X	-	-
Antoninus Julianus		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X			-	-	-	-
Aurelius Verus		-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-			-	-	-	-
Cassio Severus / Cassius		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	X			-	-	-	-
Castor (historian)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-			-	X	-	-
Charon of Lampsacus (before Herodotus)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
Ctesias the historian		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
Cornelius Nepos		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	X			-	-	-	-
Demetrius Phalereus the grammarian		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
Diodorus -Greek wrote Bibliothecae		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	X			-	X	-	-
Eumelus (historian)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X		-	-	-	-
Hecataeus (historian)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X		X	-	-	-
Hellanicus (Athenian historian)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X		-	X	-	-
Herodotus (historian)		-	-	X	-	X	-	X	-	X	X	X	X	-	-
Hesiod (historian in verse)		X	-	X	-	X	-	-	X	X	X		-	-	-
Homer (Illiad, Odyssey)		X	-	X	-	X	X	X	X	X		X	-	-	-
Marcus Aurelius' Letters		-	-	-	-	-	-	X				-	-	-	-
Neander		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-
Philochorus (Athenian historian)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X		-	X	-	-
Pisistratus		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
Polemo/Polemon (wrote Greek History, successor to Xenocrates)		X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X		X	X	-	-
Pliny the Younger		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Ptolemy the Mendesian historian		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	X	-	-
Ptolemy Philadelphus		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
Strabo		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
Suetonius		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Tacitus (Cornelius Tacitus)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Themistocles (History of)		-	-	X	-	-	-	X	-			-	-	-	-
Thucydides		-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-			-	-	-	-
Writer		JM	He	Th	Me	Ae	Ir	Te	MF	CA	Hi	Or	JA	Nv	an	Cp
Time	97/98 A.D.	150 A.D.		168 A.D.				200			225 A.D.''''''''''''' 258 A.D.
Pages	151 pages		135 pgs				264	854	25	424	225	622	8	57 pgs		270

There are conflicting dates about when Homer lived. The ancient Greek historian Aristarchus says 1044 B.C., authorities in Philostratus says 1159 B.C., and pseudo-Herodotus The Life of Homer puts it as 1102 B.C.' In contrast to that the historian Theopompus said Homer lived as late as 685 B.C.. Herodotus says it was not earlier than about 730 B.C.. The Exodus was about 1447 B.C. See the Encyclopaedia Britannica under Homer for more info.

Justin Martyr mentions Homer. First Apology of Justin Martyr ch.18 p.168

Tatian mentions Apion.

Theophilus refers to Homer and Hesiod. To Autolychus ch.8 p.97

Theophilus refers to Aurelius Verus in To Autolychus ch.27 p.120

Theophilus refers to Thallus in To Autolychus ch.29 p.120

Theophilus refers to Berossus in To Autolychus ch.29 p.121

Theophilus refers to Homer and Hesiod in To Autolychus ch.30 p.121

Theophilus to Autolycus (168-181/188 A.D.) book 3 ch.26 p.119 mentions Themistocles and his history.

Josephus mentions Homer according to the Encyclopaedia Britannica vol.11 (1956) p.689.

Tertullian mentions Demosthenes for his eloquence, Themistocles for his warlike genius, Alexander, Polycrates, Croesus, Pompey, Tullius, Sylla, Crassus in Tertullian's Apology ch.11 p.28

Not mentioned: Abydenus (2nd century B.C. writer)

Justin mentions Alexander Polyhistor, Castor, Polemon and his book Hellenics, Apion son of Posidonius and his book Against the Jews, Hellanicus, Philochorus, Thallus, Philo, Josephus, in Justin's Hortatory Address to the Greeks ch.9 p.277

Theophilus of Antioch mentions Herodotus and Thucydides in Theophilus to Autolycus book 3 ch.2 p.111.

Theophilus to Autolychus ch.29 p.120 mentions Thallus, as well as the earlier Chaldean historian Berosus on p.121.

Theophilusrefers to Josephus (p.118).

Athenagoras: Both Herodotus and Alexander learned from the Egyptian priests at Heliopolis that the gods had been men. A Plea for Christians ch.28 p.143

Athenagoras mentions Homer, Herodotus, and Hesiod. A Plea for Christians ch.17 p.136

Minucius Felix mentions Nepos, Cassius, Thallus, Diodorus as historians in The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.22 p.186

Historians Thallus and Diodorus The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.22 p.186

Historians Nepo and Cassius The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.12 p.186

Historians Josephus Flaxius and Antoninus Julianus The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.33 p.194

Anatolius of Cappadocia mentions Josephus the historian.

Tertullian mentions Ctesias the historian in Tertullian's Apology ch.9 p.26.

Tertullian mentions Diodorus , Thalles, Cassio Severus, and Cornelius Nepos in Tertullian's Apology ch.10 p.26

Tertullian mentions Cornelius Tacitus p.31

Tertullian mentions Ptolemy Philadelphus, Pisistratus, Demetrius Phalereus the grammarian p.32

Tertullian mentions Ptolemy the Mendesian, Manetho the Egyptian, Berosus the Chaldean, Hieromus the Phoenician, Thallus, Josephus in Tertullian's Apology ch.19 p.33

Tertullian mentions Apion and King Juba in Tertullian's Apology ch.19 p.33

Tertullian mentions Marcus Aurelius' letters in Apology ch.5 p.22

Tertullian mentions the historian Tacitus in Tertullian's Apology ch.16 p.31

Tertullian mentions the learned man Ptolemy Philadelphus, Pisistratus, and the grammarian Demetrius Phalereus in Tertullian's Apology ch.18 p.32

Tertullian mentions Manetho the Egyptian, Berosus the Chaldean, Hieromus the Phoenician king of Tyre, Ptolemy the Mendesian, Demetrius Phalereus, King Juba, Apion, Thallus, Josephus in Tertullian's Apology ch.19 p.33

(Atlantis) Tertullian mentions Plato informing us that a region larger than Asia or Africa was seized by the Atlantic Ocean, and an earthquake drank up the Corinthian Sea in Tertullian's Apology ch.21 p.47

Tertullian mentions Herodotus, Charon of Lampsacus, and Strabo in A Treatise on the Soul ch.46 p.224.

Clement of Alexandria refers to Hesiod in The Stromata book 5 ch.14 p.468

Clement of Alexandria mentions Homer in The Stromata book 5 ch.14 p.468

Clement of Alexandria mentions Polemon in The Stromata book 7 ch.6 p532

Hippolytus mentions the heretic Justinus and the historian Herodotus in The Refutation of All Heresies book.5.

Origen refers to the historian Hecataeus p.402

Origen mentions the historian Herodotus in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.34 p.558

Mention of Josephus Flavius and his Antiquities of the Jews. Origen in Against Celsus book 4 ch.11 p.501. Also in his Commentary on Matthew book 10 ch.17 p.424

Origen refers to Homer p. p.613

Medical Doctor

Andreas the physician

Asclepiades the physician (born in Bithynia, practiced in Rome 1st century B.C.

Diocles the physician

Erasistratus the physician

Herophilus the physician

Hippocrates the physician

Soranus of Ephesus (during Trajan)

Strato the physician

Cyprian refers to Hippocrates and Soranus in Letter 75.13 p.401.

Tertullian refers to the physicians Diocles, Erasistratus, Herophilus, Hippocrates, Soranus, and Strato in A Treatise on the Soul ch.15 p.194

Scientist

Archimedes

Aristarchus of Samos (Sun orbirts the earth)

Apollonius the {Egyptian] mathematician

Hipparchus the astronomer

Philolaus (philosopher too)

Lucullus

Lactantius mentions Archimedes

Lucullus was the first to introduce the cherry from Pontus to Italy Tertullian's Apology ch.11 p.27

Theophilus to Autolycus (168-181/188 A.D.) book 3 ch.16 p.116- mentions Apollonius the Egyptian calculated that the earth was created 153,075 years ago.

Hippolytus mentions astronomers Hipparchus p.29, Archimedes p.29, Apollonius the mathematician p.29, Aristarchus of Samos p.28

The early church writers quoted many non-Christian authors and books too, but without saying any were scripture. Why did they quote so many? I will let Hippolytus and Origen answer that.

Hippolytus: "We must not overlook any figment devised by those denominated philosophers among the Greeks. For even their incoherent tenets must be received as worthy of credit, on account of the excessive madness of the heretics; who, from the observance of silence, and from concealing their own ineffable mysteries, have by many been supposed worshippers of God. .. but refuting them in coarse digest; not having considered it requisite to bring to light their secret doctrines, in order that, when we have explained their tenets by enigmas, they, becoming ashamed, lest also, by our divulging their mysteries, we should convict them of atheism, might be induced to desist in some degree from their unreasonable opinion and profane attempt." The Refutation of All Heresies book 1 preface p.9-10.

Origen: "For we, too, desired both to learn and set forth these things, in order that sorcerers might not, under pretext of knowing more than we, delude those who are easily carried away by the glitter of names. And I could have given many more illustrations to show that we are acquainted with the opinions of these deluders, and that we disown them, as being alien to our, and impious, and not in harmony with the doctrines of true Christians, of which we are ready to make confession even to the death. It must be noticed, too, that those who have drawn up this array of fictions, have, from neither understanding magic, nor discriminating the meaning of holy Scripture, thrown everything into confusion; ..." Origen Against Celsus book 6 ch.32 p.588

Jewish Commentator

Philo of Alexandria (philosopher)

Tatian mentions Philo.

Justin mentions Philo and Josephus in Justin's Hortatory Address to the Greeks ch.9 p.277

Clement of Alexandria refers to Philo the Jew p.306

Origen refers to Philo

Greek and Roman Authors

Philosopher or Writer

Acts of Pontius Pilate

Aenesidemus

Aeschylus

Aesop

Anacreon

Anaxarchus

Anaxagoras (of Clazomenae)

Anaximander (hearer of Thales, natural philosopher, Miletus 610 B.C.)

Anaximenes of Miletus

Andocides

Androtion

Antimachus of Teos

Apion son of Posidonius (book against Jews)

Apollophanes

Aratus (imitated by heretics)

Arcesilas / Arcesilaus

Archelaeus

Archilochus

Aristander

Aristodemus

Aristippus

Aristobulus

Aristophanes (comic poet, wrote Daedalus)

Aristo the Stoic

Ariston

Aristophon

Aristotle

Artemon

Athamas the Pythagorean

Bion of Proconnesus

Cadmus

Callimachus

Carneades

Celsus (pagan author of The True Discourse)

Chryserus (freedman of Aurelius Verus)

Chrysippus of Soli

Cleanthes

Clitomachus (atheist)

Critias

Cratinus (wrote Empiprameni)

Cratippus

Critolaus

The Dancers

Democritus [of Abdera 460 B.C.]

Demosthenes

Diagoras the Melian (atheist)

Dicaearchus a Messenian

Dieuchidas of Megara

Diogenes (of Apollonia, Cynic)

Diogenes (of Babylon)

Dionysius the Stoic

Dionysius of Rhodes

Diphilus

Ecphantus the Skeptic

Empedocles (of Agrigentum, 4 elements)

Epicharmas the Pythagorean

Epicurus

Epimenides (of Crete)

Epitectus

Eudemus of Naxos

Euhemerus (philosopher)

Euripides (tragic poet)

Gorgias Leontinus/Leontinum

Heraclides of Pontus

Heraclitus (of Ephesus)

Hermippus of Berytus

Hero the Armenian

Hippasus

Hippias

Hippo of Rhegium

Hippon

Hostanes [Sosthenes]

Hyperides

Hystaspes

Laberius -Pythagor. mules>male snake>fem

Leandrus

Leucippus (of Milesia)

Linus

Lysias

Maro (of Mantua)

Melampus (at Argos) (religious rites)

Melesagorus

Menander (comic poet of Ephesus)

Metrodorus

Moschion the comic poet

Musaeus (poet at Athens)

Numa Pompilius (started Roman rites)

Numenius the Pythagorean

Opsimus

Orpheus (poet at Pieria)

Panaetius

Parmenides

Peripatetics (followers of Aristotle)

Perseus

Phaedo

Pherecydes (of Syros)

Philaenidians

Philemon (comic poet)

Philochorus the Athenian

Philolaus

Pindar the poet (Boetian, Pythagorean)

Plato (Platonists)

Plato's Timaeus

Pnayasis

Posidippus

Posidonius

Prodicus (of Ceus)

Protagoras of Abdera

Pyrrho

Pythagoras (said to be of Samos)

Seneca (the Roman)

Serapion

Sibyl / Sibylline Oracles

Simonides the lyric poet

Socrates (disciple of Archelaus)

Solon (lawmaker)

Sophocles-tragAntigone,Aleuades,Hipponos

Stoics

Strato

Thales (natural philosopher of Miletus)

Theodectes

Theodorus of Cyrene (atheist)

Theogany of Antiphanes

Theognis

Theophrastus

Theopompus

Thrasymachus

Thucyclides

Trophonius (or Boeotia)

Varro the Cynic

Verissimus

Xanthus

Xenocrates (of the Academy)

Xenophanes

Xenophon

Zeuxippus

Zemolxis the Pythagorean

Zeno of Citium

Zeno the Eleatic

Zeno the Pythagorean

Zenocrates

Writer

Justin Martyr mentions Empedocles, Pythagoras, Plato, Socrates, and Homer. First Apology of Justin Martyr ch.18 p.168

Justin Martyr mentions the Sibyl and Hystaspes. First Apology of Justin Martyr ch.20 p.169

Theophilus of Antioch mentions Clitomachus, Critias, Protagoras of Abdera, Plato, Pythagoras, Philemon, Euhemerus, Epicurus, Ariston in Theophilus to Autolycus book 3 ch.7 p.113.

Theophilus of Antioch mentions Chrysippus in Theophilus to Autolycus book 3 ch.8 p.113.

Theophilus quotes and refers to Manetho 'book 3 ch.20 p.117. He also quotes a great many Greek philosophers including Plato (p.116) and the Sibyl (p.108-109,110).

Theophilus refers to Aratus, Euripides, Menander, Homer, Thestius, and Hesiod. To Autolychus ch.8 p.97

Besides prophets among the Hebrews, there was the Sibyl among the Greeks. Theophilus in Letter to Autolycus book 2 ch.9 p.97

Theophilus refers to Aeschylus, Archilochus, Euripes, Pindar.To Autolychus ch.37 p.109

Theophilus refers to Euripides, Sophocles, Simonides and the Sibyl.To Autolychus ch.37 p.110

Theophilus refers to Plato, Epicurus, and the Stoics. To Autolycus ch.6 p.113.

Theophilus was very well read. He also quotes and refers to Manetho (p.117), Plato (p.116), and a great many Greek philosophers including the Sibyl (p.108-109,110). He also refers to Josephus (p.118).

Melito of Sardis mentions Orpheus in Discourse in the Presence of Antonius Caesar p.752

Athenagoras mentions Orpheus in A Plea for Christians ch.17 p.136

Athenagoras mentions the poet Pindar in A Plea for Christians ch.29 p.144

Athenagoras mentions Callimachus in A Plea for Christians ch.30 p.145

Athenagoras mentions Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Democritus, and Socrates. A Plea for Christians ch.31 p.145

Athenagoras mentions the Stoics in A Plea for Christians ch.19 p.138

Tertullian mentions Demosthenes for his eloquence, Themistocles for his warlike genius, Alexander, Polycrates, Croesus, Pompey, Tullius, Sylla, Crassus in Tertullian's Apology ch.11 p.28

Tertullian mentions Pindar the poet in Tertullian's Apology ch.14 p.30

Tertullian mentions Zeno Tertullian's Apology ch.20 p.34

Tertullian mentions Zeno and Cleanthes in Tertullian's Apology ch.21 p.34

Tertullian mentions Orpheus at Pieria, Musaeus at Athens, Melampus at Argos, Trophonius in Boeotia imposed religious rites. Numa Pompilius started many Roman superstitions. Tertullian's Apology ch.21 p.36

Tertullian mentions Socrates and Plato in Tertullian's Apology ch.22 p.36

Tertullian mentions the Pythian Oracle in Tertullian's Apology ch.22 p.36

Tertullian mentions Socrates, Plato, Diogenes (consumed with lust), Thales, Pythagoras, Zeno, Lycurgus (starved because the Lacons amended his laws), Anaxagoras, Aristotle, Alexander (of Macedon), Aristippus, Hippias in Tertullian's Apology ch.46 p.51

Tertullian mentions the Platonists, Stoics,Epicurus, Pythagoras. Tertullian's Apology ch.47 p.52

Tertullian mentions that the philosopher Laberius, following an opinion of Pythagoras, that a man may have his origin from a mule, and a serpent from a woman Tertullian's Apology ch.48 p.53.

Tertullian mentions Thales, Heraclitus, Anaximenes, Anaximander, Strato, Zeno, Plato in Tertullian's Five Books Against Marcion book 1 ch.13 p.280.

Tertullian mentions Orpheus, Musaeus, Melampus, Trophonius, Numa Pompilius Apology ch.21 p36

Tertullian mentions the Stoics, Parmenides, Empedocles, Xenophanes, Democritus, Aristotle, and Anaxagoras in A Treatise on the Soul ch.43 p.221

Tertullian mentions Aristodemus and Aristophon in A Treatise on the Soul ch.46 p.224

Tertullian mentions Sophocles the tragic poet, Artemon, Antiphon, Strato, Philochorus, Epicharmus, Serapion, Cratippus, Dionysius of Rhodes, Hermippus of Berytus, Epicharmus, Philochorus the Athenian. A Treatise on the Soul ch.46 p.224

Tertullian mentions Plato, Epicureans, Heraclitus, Zeno, and Aristotle. The Prescription Against Heretics ch.7 p.246

Theodorus of Cyrene The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.8 p.177

Protagoras of Abdera The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.8 p.177

Arcesilas The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.13 p.180

Carneades The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.13 p.180

Simonides the lyric poet The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.13 p.180

Perseus The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.21 p.185

Prodicus The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.21 p.185

Homer and Plato The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.22 p.181

Socrates The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.5 p.175; ch.26 p.186

Demosthenes The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.26 p.189

Pythagoras The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.34 p.194

Minucius Felix mentions the atheists Theodorus of Cyrene and Diagoras the Melian in The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.8 p.177

Minucius Felix mentions Socrates in The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.13 p.179

Minucius Felix mentions Arcesilas, Carneades, the Academics, and Simonides the Lyric poet in The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.13 p.180

Minucius Felix mentions the Mantuan Maro, Thales the Mnilesian, Anaximenes, Diogenes of Apollonia, Anaxagoras, Pythagoras in The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.19 p.183

Minucius Felix mentions Sosthenes [Hostenes] in The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.26 p.189

Clement of Alexandria refers to Hesiod, Epicharmus the Pythagorean, Aratus, Democritus, and the Boetian poet Pindar, a Pythagorean The Stromata book 5 ch.14 p.468

Clement of Alexandria mentions Thales in The Stromata book 5 ch.14 p.467

Clement of Alexandria mentions Plato's Timaeus in The Stromata book 5 ch.14 p.467

Clement of Alexandria mentions Zeno the Stoic in The Stromata book 5 ch.14 p.466

Clement of Alexandria p.486: Philemon (comic poet), Eudemus of Naxus, Melesagoras, Bion of Proconnesus, Cadmus, Archilochus, Leandrus, Hecataeus, Hellanicus, Androtion, Philochorus, Dieuchidas of Megara,

Clement of Alexandria p.481-485 Andocides, Cratinus, Homer, Hesiod, Orpheus, Archilochus, Euripides, Menander, Sophocles, Solon, Theognis, Pherecydes of Syros, Antimachus of Teos, Pnayasis, Diphilus, Posidippus, Epicharmas, Theodectes, Moschion the comic poet, Aristophanes the comic poet, Anacreon, Thrasymachus, Athamas the Pythagorean, Herodotus, Xenophon, Hyperides, Theopompus, Epicurus, Lysias

Clement of Alexandria mentions the sophist from Ceus (Prodicus) The Instructor book 2 ch.11 p.265

Mention of a true saying of Sibyl the prophetess. Clement of Alexandria in Exhortation to the Heathen ch.4 p.185-186

Clement of Alexandria: p.487 Aristobulus, Democritus, Epimenides of Crete

Clement of Alexandria mentions Hero the Armenian in The Stromata book 5 ch.9 p.458

Clement of Alexandria mentions Xenocrates, Plato, and Cleanthes in The Stromata book 7 ch.6 p532

Origen refers to Anaxagoras in Origen Against Celsus book 4 ch.77 p.532

Origen refers to Aristander p.576

Origen refers to Aristotle p.611

Origen refers to the Cabiri p.584

Origen mentions Chrysippus of Soli as an "ornament of the Stoic sect" in Origen Against Celsus book 4 ch.48 p.519.

Origen refers to Chrysippus philosopher Control of Passion and Numenius the Pythagorean p.425

Origen refers to Cleanthes p.436

Origen refers to a Cynic. P.586

Origen refers to Democritus, Diogenes p.447

Origen refers to Empedocles p.410

Origen refers to Epicureans in Origen Against Celsus book 4 ch.86 p.535. Also ibid book 5 ch.47 p.564

Origen refers to Epitectus p.573

Origen refers to Euripedes and Sophocles p.613

Origen mentions Euripedes, quoting from Phaeniss 546 in Origen Against Celsus book 4 ch.77 p.531

Origen refers to Linus, poet Musaeus, poet Orpheus, writers Pherecydes p.403

Origen refers to Numenius the Pythagorean in Origen Against Celsus book 4 ch.51 p.521; ibid book 5 ch.38 p.560

Origen refers to Peripatetics p.436, 611

Origen refers to Phaedo, Polemo successor to Xenocrates p.425

Origen refers to Pythagoras in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.41 p.561; ibid ch.49 p.565

Origen quotes by name Pindar: "the law is king of all things" in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.40 p.561

Origen mentions Plato's Timaeus in Origen Against Celsus book 4 ch.54 p.522. ibid ch.62 p.525, p.577

Origen refers to Stoics p.406; p.564

Origen refers to Pythagoreans p.568; p.613

16. Heresy Hunting

Letter of Ignatius to the Trallians ch.6 p.68 (107/116 A.D.) "I therefore, yet not I, but the love of Jesus Christ, entreat you that ye use Christian nourishment only, and abstain from herbage of a different kind; I mean heresy. For those [that are given to this] mix up Jesus Christ with their own poison, speaking things which are unworthy of credit, like those who administer a deadly drug in sweet wine, which he who is ignorant of does greedily take, with a fatal pleasure, leading to his own death."

Heresies / Heretical writer		JM	He	Th	Me	Ae	Ir	Te	MF	CA	Hi	Or	JA		Nv		an	Cp
Apelles, disciple of Marcion		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	X	X	-		-		-	X
Barbeloites / Borborians (Gnostics)		-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	-		-		-	-
Basilides (libertine Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	X	X	X	-		-		-	X
Beron and Helix		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-	-
Blastus (Judaizer)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-		-		-	-
Cainites (libertine Gnostics)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	-	-	-	-		-		-	-
Callistus (Sabellian like Noetus)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-	-
Carpocrates (libertine Gnostics)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	X	X	-	-		-		-	-
Cerdo/Cerdon, Gnostic before Marcion		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	-	X	-	-		-		-	X
Cerinthus (Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Colorbasus (Valentinian-type Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Docetics		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Dositheus, proto-Gnostic anti-prophets		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-		-		-
Ebionites, like Judaizers		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	-	X	X	-		-		-
Elchasites/Elkasites, like Judaizers		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Encratite Gnostics (Tatian, disciple of Justin Martyr)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	X	X	X	-		-		-
Naaseni Gospel According to the Egyptians		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Gospel of Thomas (Naaseni Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Harpocratians		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	X	-		-		-
Heracleon (Valentinian Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	X	-	-		-		-	-
Hermogenes		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	X	-	-		-		-	-
Justinus' Baruch (Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-	-
Lucan / Lucian (Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-		X	-	-		-		-
Marcellinians (Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-	X	-		-		-
Marcion of Pontus (Marcosians)		X	-	-	-	-	X	X	-		X	X	X		-		-	X
Marcus (followers called Marcites)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Melchizedechians		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Menander / Meander (of Capparetaea, Samaritan) Simon's disciple		X	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	-	-	-	-		-		-
Monoimus the Arabian		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-	-
Montanists (Cataphrygians, Prisca)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-		X	-	-		-		-	X
A Naaseni Hymn (Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Nicholaus (Nicolaitans)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-		X	-	-		-		-
Epigonus->Cleomanes->Noetus of Smyrna		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Ophites (Gnostic, similar to Sethians)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	-	X	X	-		-		-
Peratae / Peratics (astrologer Gnostics)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-		-		-	-
Praxeas (Oneness)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-		-		-	-
Ptolemy / Ptolemaeus -Valentinian		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-		X	-	-		-		-	-
Sethians Sethites (Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-		X	-	-		-		-
Sethians Paraphrase of Seth		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-		X	-	-		-		-
Sabellius (Oneness)		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		X		-
Saturninus (Encratite, derived from Valentinus)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-		X	-	-		-		-
Secundus (and Epiphanes a teacher in his school)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-		X	-	-		-		-
Simon the Sorcerer		X	-	-	-	-	X	X	-		X	X	-		-		-
Theodotus, Byzantine (den. Christ deity)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Theodotus 2nd heretic (den. Christ deity)		-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	X	-	-		-		-
Valentinus (Gnostic)		-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	X	X	X	-		-		-	X
Writer		JM	He	Th	Me	Ae	Ir	Te	MF	CA	Hi	Or	JA		Nv		an	Cp
Time	97/98 A.D.	150 A.D.		168 A.D.				200			225 A.D.''''''''''''' 258 A.D.
Pages	151 pages		135 pgs				264	854	25	424	225	622		8		57 pgs		270

Justin mentions Menander, disciple of Simon the Sorcerer. First Apology of Justin Martyr ch.26 p.171

Justin mentions the Acts of Pontius Pilate. First Apology of Justin Martyr ch.35 p.175

Justin mentions Plato and Epicurus. Second Apology of Justin Martyr ch.12 p.192

Justin mentions the Sotadists, Philaenidians, Dancers, and Epicureans. Second Apology of Justin Martyr ch.15 p.193

Justin mentions Homer and Hesiod in The Discourse to the Greeks ch.1 p.271

Justin mentions Berosus the Chaldean historian. Justin's Hortatory Address to the Greeks ch.37 p.288

Meleto of Sardis mentions the Sybil on vol.8 p.752 and the Magi on p.753

Caius of Rome mentions the heretic Cerinthus ch.1.2 and Theodotus 2.1 p.601.

Caius positively mentions Justin, Miltiades, Tatian, Clement, Irenaeus, Melito. Ch.1.2 p.601

The Pastor/Shepherd of Hermas and the Letter of Barnabas are at the end of the Sinaiticus manuscript.

Tatian mentions his teacher, "the most admirable Justin" Address of Tatian to the Greeks ch.18 p.73

Irenaeus mentions that Tatian was the first who started the idea that Adam never went to heaven. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 3 ch.23.8 p.457

The Magi The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.27 p.189

Archesilaus, Carneades, Pyrrho The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.38 p.197

Aristo the Stoic The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.19 p.184

Mention of Xenophanes, Xeuxippus, Democritus, Aristotle, Heraclides of Pontus, Theophrastus, Zeno, Chrysippus, Cleanthes, Zeno, Hesiod, Homer, Orpheus, Diogenes of Babylon, Xenophon, Plato's Timaeus The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.19 p.184

Clement, bishop of Rome saw the apostles in person. Mention of Clement's Letter to the Corinthians. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 3 ch.3.3 p.416

Irenaeus mentions the martyr Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna, who was instructed by the apostles. Polycarp wrote a letter to the Philippians. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 3 ch.3.4 p.416

The Encratites (meaning self-controlled) came from Saturninus and Marcion. Encratites were against marriage, and some among them were against animal food [meat]. Tatian, a hearer of Justin [Martyr] was the one who introduced this blasphemy. Tatian was novel in denying the salvation of Adam. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 1 ch.28.1 p.353

Papias was a hearer of John and a friend of Polycarp according to Irenaeus Against Heresies 5:32 (vol.1 p.154)

Irenaeus quotes Ignatius' Letter to the Romans in Against Heresies book 5 ch.28 p.557

Irenaeus mentions the martyr Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna, who was instructed by the apostles. Polycarp wrote a letter to the Philippians. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 3 ch.3.4 p.416

Tatian, a hearer of Justin [Martyr] was the one who introduced this blasphemy. Tatian was novel in denying the salvation of Adam. Irenaeus Against Heresies book 1 ch.28.1 p.353

Irenaeus mentions Cerdo, his successor Marcion, Valentinus, Simon the Sorcerer, his disciple Menander in Irenaeus Against Heresies book 3 ch.4 p.417

Tertullian (200-240 A.D.) mentioned the Book of Enoch as Scripture. He added that some to not regard this as scripture, as it was supposed it would not have survived the flood, and it is not in the Jewish canon either. However, Tertullian believed the Book of Enoch was genuine scripture though. Tertullian's On the Apparel of Women book 1 ch.3 p.15-16

Against the Shepherd of Hermas: But I would yield my ground to you, if the scripture of "the "Shepherd", which is the only one which favours adulterers, had deserved to find a place in the Divine Canon; if it had not been habitually judged by every council of churches (even of your own) among apocryphal and false (writings);" Tertullian On Modesty ch.10 p.85

Tertullian (200-240 A.D.) mentions Ebion coming from Cerinthus. However, Cerinthus believed the world was made by angels, and Ebion said the world was made by God. Against All Heresies ch.3 p.651

Tertullian (200-240 A.D.) mentions Tatian, a brother-heretic. He was a disciple of Justin Martyr, but after Justin's death he had different opinions, and like Valentinus. Against All Heresies ch.7 p.654

Tertullian (200-240 A.D.) discusses the Sethites/Sethians. Against All Heresies ch.2 p.651

Tertullian mentions Simon the Magician. Tertullian's De Fuga Persecution ch.12 p.123 and A Treatise on the Soul ch.24-25 p.215-216.

Tertullian mentions Carpocrates the libertine Gnostic in A Treatise on the Soul ch.25 p.216

Tertullian mentions Socrates p.28

Tertullian mentions Marcion and Hermogenes in A Treatise on the Soul ch.21 p.202.

Tertullian briefly mentions that the Romans installed Simon Magus as a god. Tertullian's Apology ch.11 p.29

Mention of Pindar the poet, Diogenes, and the Cynic Varro in Tertullian's Apology ch.14 p.30

Tertullian mentions Zeno and Cleanthes in Tertullian's Apology ch.20 p.34

Tertullian mentions Marcion, Tatian, and Pythagorean heretics all in one sentence Tertullian On Fasting ch.15 vol.4 p.112

Tertullian mentions Simon Magus in Tertullian's Apology ch.13 p.29

Tertullian mentions Apelles (the heretic, not the painter) in A Treatise on the Soul ch.36 p.217

Tertullian mentions Menander the Samaritan heretic in A Treatise on the Soul ch.50 p.227-228

Tertullian mentions Valentinus and Marcion in The Prescription Against Heretics ch.7 p.246

Tertullian mentions Ptolemy, Secundus, and Valentinus, Heracleon Against All Heresies ch.4 p.652

Tertullian mentions Colorbasus Against All Heresies ch.6 p.653

Tertullian mentions Cerdo, Marcion, Lucian, and Apelles. Against All Heresies ch.6 p.653

Tertullian mentions Tatian, pupil of Justin Martyr, Cataproclans, Cataeschinetans. Against All Heresies ch.7 p.654

Tertullian mentions Blastus, two Theodotuses, and Praxeas. Against All Heresies ch.8 p.654

Tertullian mentions Dositheus the proto-Gnostic, as the first to repudiate the prophets Against All Heresies ch.1 p.649.

Tertullian mentions Saturninus Against All Heresies ch.1 p.649.

Tertullian describes the heresy of the Gnostics Basilides and Nicolaus (Nicolatians) in Against All Heresies ch.1 p.649-650.

Tertullian mentions the Ophites. Against All Heresies ch.2 p.650

Tertullian mentions the Cainites and Sethites. Against All Heresies ch.2 p.651

Tertullian mentions Carpocrates, Cerinthus, and Ebion. Against All Heresies ch.3 p.651

Tertullian mentions Valentinus, Ptolemy, Secundus, Heracleon. Against All Heresies ch.4 p.652

Tertullian mentions the Gnostics Marcus, Colorbasus. Against All Heresies ch.v p.653 and Cerdo ch.6

Tertullian mentions the Gnostics Marcion, Lucan, Apelles. Against All Heresies ch.v p.653 and Cerdo ch.6

Tertullian mentions the Cataphrygians (Montanists) Against All Heresies ch.7 p.654

Tertullian mentions Blastus, Cataphrygians, Cataproclans, Cataeschinetans and two Theodotus' in Against All Heresies ch.7-8 p.654

Athenagoras (c.177 A.D.) mentions Pythagoras and that Philolaus taught that all things are included in God, showing that God is One and God. A Plea For Christians ch.6 p.131

Clement of Alexandria mentions Philolaus in The Stromata book 3 ch.3 p.384

Clement of Alexandria mentions that Tatian was against marriage. The Stromata book 3 ch.12 p.396

Refers to Clement of Rome. Clement of Alexandria Stromata book 5 ch.12 p.4763; book 14 ch.17 p.428

Refers to Barnabas' writing. Clement of Alexandria Stromata book 5 ch.10 p.459

Clement of Alexandria mentions the Letter of Barnabas p.362, 459, 495

Clement of Alexandria mentions the Shepherd of Hermas p.319

Clement of Alexandria mentions the Preaching of Peter' p.489,490,510

Hippolytus mentions Anaxagoras, Anaximenes, Archelaus, Aristotle, Chrysippus, Democritus, Ecphantus, Empedocles, Epicurus, Hippo, Leucippus, Pythagoras, Thales, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Plato, Socrates, Stoics, Zeno, Brahmins/Brachmans, Celtic Druids, Hesiod. The Refutation of All Heresies Contents p.9.

Mention of the Naasseni Gnostics using the Gospel According to the Egyptians. Hippolytus' Refutation of All Heresies book 5 ch.2 p.49

Hippolytus quotes from the Gospel of Thomas, but this is not found in the Gospel of Thomas we have. "He who seeks me, will find me in children from seven years old; for there concealed, he shall in the fourteenth age be made manifest." Refutation of All Heresies book 5 ch.2 p.50

Hippolytus quotes an entire Naaseni hymn. Refutation of All Heresies book 5 ch.5 p.58

Hippolytus briefly mentions the Sibylline Oracles (2:1), though it is not a positive reference. Refutation of All Heresies book 5 ch.11 p.62

Hippolytus mentions the heretic Theodotus in Against the Heresy of One Noetus ch.8 p.224

Hippolytus mentions Herodotus in The Refutation of All Heresies book 5 ch.19-20 p.69

Hippolytus mentions (Celtic Druids p.22, Brachmans p.21-22, Archelaus p.17,' Hippo of Rhegium p.17, Ecphantus the Skeptic p.17, Democritus p.16, Leucippus p.16, Parmenides p.16, Plato p.19, Arostotle p.19, Zeno, Epicureans, Pyrrho, Chrysippus p.19; Socrates p.9, Hesiod p.22, Zymolxis the Pythagorean p.22, Thales of Miletus p.11, Anaxagoras ofClezomenae p.14, Anaximander hearer of Thales of Miletus p.13 Anaximeus of Miletus p.14, Heraclitus of Ephesus p.13, Empedocles p.13

Hippolytus mentioned in his heresies Euphrates the Peratics, Acembes the Carystian. Hippolytus' Refutation of all Heresies book 4 ch.2 p.24

The Peratics are also in Hippolytus' Refutation of all Heresies book 5 ch.9-13 p.60-65

Hippolytus mentions the Sethians in The Refutation of All Heresies book.5 ch.15-17 p.65-69

Hippolytus refers to the following Greek philosophers in discussing heresies. Thales of Miletus, Pythagoras, Empededocles, Heraclitus of Ephesus, Anaximander hearer of Thales, Anaximenes of Miletus, Anaxagoras of Clazomenae, Archelaus of Athens, Parmenides, Leucippus, Zeno the stoic, Democritus, Ecphantus of Syracuse, Hippo of Rhegium, Socrates hearer of Archelaus, Plato disciple of Socrates, Aristotle pupil of Plato, Chrysippus and other stoics, Hesiod.

The Celtic Druids derived their system from Zamolxis of Thrace, disciple of Pythagoras. Hippolytus' Refutation of all Heresies book 1 ch.22 p.22

Hippolytus mentions Colorbasus in The Refutation of All Heresies book.4 ch.13 p.30

Hippolytus mentions Simon and Valentinus in The Refutation of All Heresies book.4 ch.51 p.45

Hippolytus mentions the Peratae, Linus, Musaeus, and Orpheus in The Refutation of All Heresies book.5 contents p.47

Hippolytus mentions the heretic Justinus in The Refutation of All Heresies book.5.

Hippolytus mentions the heretics Secundus, Epiphanes,, a teacher in his school, Ptolemaeus in The Refutation of All Heresies book 6 ch.23 p.91

Hippolytus mentions the heretic Marcus, adept in sorcery in The Refutation of All Heresies book 6 ch.24 p.91-92

Hippolytus might mention many more too, but books 2 and 3 of The Refutation of All Heresies have not been preserved p.23

Origen mentions Apelles the disciple of Marcion in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.54 p.567

Origen refers to Tatian the younger Origen Against Celsus book 1 ch.16 p.403 and Encratites Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.65 p.571

Origen discusses two sects of Ebionites. Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.61,65 p.570,571

Origen refers to Marcion Commentary on John book 5 ch.4 p.348

Origen refers to Valentinus p.570,587

Origen refers to Ophites p.584,586

Origen mentions Marcion in his Commentary on John book 5 p.348

Origen mentions Marcion, Basilides, and Valentinus in his Commentary on Matthew book 12 ch.22 p.463

Origen says that Celsus claims "certain Christians are believers in the Sibyl, [Celsus] having probably misunderstood some who blamed such as believed in the existence of a prophetic Sibyl, and termed those who held this belief Sibyllists." Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.61 p.570

Cyprian refers to Cerdo/Cerdon' p.387

Cyprian refers to Cerdo's pupil Marcion p.387,388

Cyprian refers to Valentinus and Marcion's pupil Apelles p.388

Firmilian bishop of Caesarea to Cyprian (246-256 A.D.) mentions Cerdo, his disciple Marcion, Apelles, Valentinus, Basilides in Letter 74 p.391

Firmilian bishop of Caesarea to Cyprian (246-256 A.D.) mentions Cataphrygians, Montanus, and Prisca. 74.7 p.392

16. Comparison with Other Religions

Religion

African Coelestis

Arabian religion (worshipping a stone)

Brachmans (Brahmans) of India

Bacchic Mysteries

Cabiri

Chaldeans (Bel[us]), Babylonians

Druids / Gaul

Egyptian gods and goddesses

Eleusian Mysteries

Essenes

Ethiopian Religion

Greek and Roman gods

Jews

Magi (outside of gospels, beliefs)

Mithras

Moorish Varsutina

Pharisees

Pythian Oracle

Sadducees

Scythian religion

Syrian (Atargatis, Ashtarte, etc.)

Various oracles (Delphi, Ammon, etc.)

Zoroaster

Religion

Justin Martyr mentions Greek gods. Dialogue with Trypho ch.59 p.233

Justin Martyr mentions Mithras. Dialogue with Trypho ch.70 p.233,234

Justin Martyr mentions oracles of Amphilochus, Dodans, Pytho. First Apology of Justin Martyr ch.18 p.168

Theophilus (168-181/8 A.D.) mentions the immoral Greco-Roman and Egyptian gods. To Autolychus book 1 ch.9 p.91-92

Theophilus (168-181/8 A.D.) mentions the Egyptian and Chaldean prophets. To Autolychus book 1 ch.33 p.107

Athenagoras mentions Egyptian, Roman, and Syrian gods in A Plea for Christians ch.28 p.143-144

Tertullian mentions the Syrian Atargatis, the African Coelestis, the Moorish Varsutina, the Arabian Obodas and Dusaris, and the Norican Belenus, or Deluentinus of Casinum, Visidianus of Narnia, Numiternus of Atina, or Ancharia of Asculum. Nortia of Vulsinii in Ad Nationes book 2 ch.8 p.136

Tertullian mentions the Pythian Oracle in Tertullian's Apology ch.22 p.36, ch.48 p.53

Tertullian mentions Varro and also the Egyptian gods in Ad Nationes ch.9 p.137

Tertullian mentions the Persian magi, Egyptian hierophants, and Indian gymnosophists. Tertullian's Five Books Against Marcion book 1 ch.13 p.280

Tertullian mentions Egyptians, Syria, Arabia, Norici, Africa, Mauritania, Visidianus of Narnia, and Roman gods Apology ch.24 p.39

Tertullian (200-240 A.D.) mentions Indian Brahmins and Gymnosophists Apology ch.42 p.49

Tertullian (200-240 A.D.) mentions why the Jews are wrong in An Answer to the Jews p.152-173

Minucius Felix mentions Eleusians worship Ceres, Phrygians Mater, the Epidaurians Aesculapius, the Chaldeans Belus (Bel), the Syrians Astarte, the Taurians Diana, the Gauls Mercurius, the Romans all deities. The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.6 p.176

Minucius Felix mentions the Magi in The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.27 p.189

Minucius Felix mentions Apis the ox and Egyptian religion in The Octavius of Minucius Felix ch.28 p.191

Clement of Alexandria refers to Zoroaster and his teaching in The Stromata book 5 ch.14 p.469

Bardaisan/Bardesan (154-224-232 A.D.) mentions the religious morals of the Brahmans of India, other Indians, the circumcision of the Arabians, the Persians, and the Gauls. The Book of the Laws of Diverse Countries p.730

Origen refers to Indian philosophers called Brahmans. Origen Against Celsus book 1 ch.24 p.406

Origen refers to the religions of Ethiopia, Romans, Egypt, Scythians, Indians, Indian Callatians in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.34 p.558

Origen discusses the Magi. Origen Against Celsus book 1 ch.24 p.406; Origen Against Celsus book 6 ch.80 p.609-610

Origen refers to Mithras p.584

Origen refers to Pythian priestesses and Delphian Oracle p.389

Origen refers to the Arabians only worship Bacchus (as a male) and Urania (as a female), as well as mentioning the Ethiopian religion in Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.37 p,560

Origen refers to Zoroaster and the Druids Origen Against Celsus book 1 ch.16 p.406

Origen says the Egyptian priests abstained from swine, goats, sheep, oxen, and fish. Pythagorean abstained from beans. Origen Against Celsus book 5 ch.49 p.565

Astrologers

Eudemus wrote Astrologies

Euphrates the Peratic (the Peratae)

Acembesthe Carystian

Aratus

Astrology in General

Theophilus of Antioch (161-181/188 A.D.) mentions Aratus in Theophilus to Autolycus book 2 ch.8 p.97. He mentions that he looked at the sphaerography of the world's circle in Theophilus to Autolycus book 3 ch.2 p.111.

Hippolytus mentions Euphrates the Peratic and Acembes the Carytians in The Refutation of All Heresies book 4 ch.2 p.24

Hippolytus mentions Aratus p.42

Anatolius mentions Euripides, Asclepiades, Democritus [of Abdera, Thrace born c.460 B.C.], Asclepiades [a physician from Bithynia who practiced in Rome 1st century B.C.] Pythagoras, Eudemus in his Astrologies, Oenopides [of Chios], Thales [of Miletus], Anaximander [of Miletus 610 B.C.], Anaximenes [of Miletus] in Fragments of the Books on Arithmetic p.153.

Bardaisan/Bardesan (154-224-232 A.D.) mentions the astrology of the Egyptians and Chaldeans. The Book of the Laws of Diverse Countries p.729

Tertullian (200-240 A.D.) mentions astrology as wrong along with assassins, poisoners, pimps, and sorcerers Apology ch.43 p.49

Some Random Notes

Ignatius quotes Proverbs in his Letter to the Ephesians ch.5 p.31

Details on Bardesan (born 154 A.D. died 224-230 A.D.)

The only quote or allusion from the Old Testament is an allusion to Genesis 1:27 on p.724.

Details on Melito of Sardis (170-177 A.D.)

Allusion to Psalm 19 ch.1 p.751

Mention of Gen, Ex, Dt, 1 Samuel (calling it 1 Kings), Job, Ps, Dan, Micah all by name. Oration on the Lord's Passion ch.9 p.760-761

Details on Julius Africanus (235-245 A.D.)

Alludes to Exodus p.125

Mentions Nehemiah and Daniel by name p.137

Details on Novatian (250-257 A.D.)

Mention of Dt 4:39 as by Moses p.613

Mention of Isa 40:22,12 as by Isaiah p.613

Quote from Gen 1:31 p.614

Quote from Ex 31:18 p.613

Quote from part of 2 Chronicles 19:16 p.615-615

Quote from Ps 139:8-10 p.616

Mention of Genesis 17:8 as in Genesis p.618

Mention of Ex 4:13 by Moses p.618

Mention of Dt 17:15 as by Moses p.618

Mention of various verses in Isaiah as from Isaiah. p.618

Quote of Hosea 1:7 as by Hosea p.621

Quote of Hab 3:3 as by Habakkuk p.621

Quote of Psalm 45:1 as by David. p.626

Mention of Genesis 1 as by Moses p.627

Quote from part of Amos 4:11 p.629

Quote from ' of Joel 2:28 (and Acts 2:17) as by Joel p.640

Quote from Zechariah 7:6 LXX as by Zechariah. p.649

Details on Origen (230-254 A.D.)

Details on Cyprian (248-258 A.D.)

Mistakenly quotes Neh 9:26 as in Ezra. Treatises of Cyprian. Testimonies 2. p.508

Negative mention of Novatian Letter 40.1 p.319, Letter 56.1 p.368, and many other places.

Cyprian mentions Susannah. Letter 39 p.317

Hippolytus mentions the Seventy, Theodotus, and Symmachus. On the Psalms ch.8 p.201

Evangelism, the Early Church, and Bingo

'' Genuine Christians have different theories of the most effective means of evangelism today. Since the early church was blessed by God with great growth despite Satan throwing their way terrible physical persecutions and numerous heresies, it would be instructive to learn what aspects they stressed in evangelism. Up until about 70 years prior to Nicea, to what extent did early Christian writers do the following in evangelism, discipling, and general teaching?

1. Use emotional aspects: God loves you, warn of Hell, we love you, significance, etc.

2. Say discouraging things to stubborn people and rebuked them

3. Met people's physical needs: healing, sharing food, etc.

4. Encourage morality, kindness, and modesty

5. Witness of blood: martyrs, etc.

6. Teaching doctrine, Fatherhood of God, One God in three persons, virgin birth and deity of Christ, sinfulness of man, atoning blood, the cross, physical resurrection

7. Teach on the end times

8. Authority of scripture, God's word.

9. Answering Bible objections

10. Appeal to the Old Testament

11. Appeal to the New Testament

12. Cite other Christian writers

13. Refer to historians

14. Refer to other Jewish writings

15. Refer to pagan Greek and Roman writers and philosophers

16. Heresy hunting (refuting heresies that claimed to follow Christ)

17. Comparing other religions (Druids, Magi, Brahmins, etc.)

At the end, we will ask to you decide which aspects they stressed more than others.

If you are sophisticated you might consider this like a Gallup or Barna poll except that the subjects all lived and wrote from 100-258 A.D. Or, you might just look at the pictures and consider this a game of "early church bingo". We will rapidly show you the "coverage" using charts, and documentation supporting what is in the charts is in the appendices at the end.

After the charts there will be a quiz, with blank charts where you have to fill in all the blank squares yourself (just kidding). Actually the point of the squares is not that you try to remember exactly which early Christian writers quoted or referred to what. Rather the squares are simply to rapidly peruse how extensive did early Christian writers quote something.

Bingo or not, I seriously hope that as Christians our evangelism will be more and more pleasing to God, as draw close to Him, study His word, and learn from the example of godly Christian who have fought the fight before us.

A Tough Quiz

There is a quiz at the end after all! It is not using blank charts, but some might think it just as tough to get everything correct. You can look on the previous charts if you wish to answer the following questions.

Ignoring all of God's people who lived before Jesus, who were the first two people we know of to:

___ 1. Use emotional aspects in witnessing

___ 2. Say discouraging things to stubborn people and rebuked them

___ 3. Met people's physical needs: healing, sharing food, etc.

___ 4. Encourage morality

___ 5. Use a witness of blood in witnessing

___ 6. Teach doctrine in witnessing

___ 7. Teach on the end times

___ 8. Authority of scripture, God's word.

___ 9. Answer Bible objections

___ 10. Appeal to the Old Testament

___ 11. Mention New Testament writings

___ 12. Cite other Christian writers

___ 13. Appeal to secular sources for history.

___ 14. Refer to other Jewish teachings

___ 15. Refer to pagan Greek and Roman writers and philosophers

___ 16. Heresy hunting (refuting heresies that claimed to follow Christ)

___ 17. Comparing other religions (besides Judaism)

Final question: Which aspects do you think the early church emphasized more, and which aspects less?

Rank the previous from 1, highest to 17 lowest

Answers to the Quiz

Ignoring all of God's people who lived before Jesus, here were the first two people we know of to:

1. Use emotional aspects in witnessing: Jesus and Peter

2. Say discouraging things to stubborn people and rebuked them: Jesus, Paul

3. Met people's physical needs: healing, sharing food, etc. Jesus, Peter, and John. (sorry Ananias)

4. Encourage morality: Jesus and Paul

5. Use a witness of blood in witnessing: Jesus and Stephen

6. Teach doctrine in witnessing: Jesus, Peter, and Paul

7. Teach on the end times: Jesus, Paul (sorry John, Peter, and Jude)

8. Authority of scripture, God's word: Jesus and Peter

9. Answer Bible objections: Jesus and Paul

10. Appeal to the Old Testament: Jesus and Stephen (sorry Phillip)

11. Mention New Testament writings: Peter and Paul

12. Cite other Christian writers

13. Appeal to secular sources for history. Jesus: Jesus (Mt 17:25) and Paul (OK, Jesus is a stretch here.)

14. Refer to other Jewish teachings: Jesus (Sadducees), Jude (Assumption of Moses)

15. Refer to pagan Greek and Roman writers and philosophers: Paul (Mars hill), perhaps John (logos)

16. Heresy hunting: Paul and either John, 2 Peter, Jude

17. Comparing other religions (besides Judaism) Paul, John/Jesus in Revelation

On the final question you are on your own.

For more info please contact Christian Debater™ P.O. Box 144441 Austin, TX 78714 www.BibleQuery.org

O.T. Book	Author	Dates B.C.	Quotes and References
Genesis	Moses	~1407 B.C.	Mt 19:4-5; Mk 9:16; 10:6,8; Acts 3:25; 7:3,7; Rom 4:17,18; 9:7,9,12; 1 Cor 6:16; 15:45; 2 Cor 4:6; Gal 3:6,8,16; 4:30; Eph 5:31; Heb 4:4; 6:14; Jms 3:23
Exodus	Moses	~1407 B.C.	Mt 5:21,38; 15:4; 19:19; 22:32; Mk 7:10; 10:19; 12:26; Lk 2:23; 18:20; ~Jn 6:31; 19:36; Acts 7:28,32,34,40; 23:5; Rom 9:15,17; 13:9; 1 Cor10:7; 2 Cor8:15; Heb8:5;9:20; 12:20; Jms2:11 (2 times)
Leviticus	Moses	~1407 B.C.	Mt 5:38,43; 15:4; 19:19; 22:39; Mk 7:10; 12:31; Lk 2:24; 10:27; Rom 10:5; 13:9; Gal 3:12; 5:14; Jms 2:8; 1 Pet 1:16
Numbers	Moses	~1407 B.C.	2 Tm 2:19 (LXX) ~Jn 19:36
Deuteronomy	Moses (mostly)	~1407 B.C.	Mt 4:4,7,10; 5:38; 6:13; 15:4; 18:16; 19:19; 22:37; Mk 7:10; 10:19; 12:30; Lk 4:4,8,12; 10:27; 18:20; Acts 3:23; 7:37; Rom 10:6-7,8,19; 11;8; 12:19; 13:9; 15:10; 1 Cor 9:9; Gal 3:10,14; Eph 6:3; Heb 1:6; 10:30 (2 times); 12:21,29; 13:5; Jms 2:11 (2 times)
Joshua	Joshua	~1377 B.C.	~Heb11; Jms 2:25
Judges	anon. Samuel?	1377-1004 B.C.	~Heb 11:32
Ruth	anon. Samuel?	~1011 B.C.	~Mt 1:5; ~Lk 3:32
1,2 Samuel	anon. Samuel?	1050-1004 B.C.	Rom 15:9; 2 Cor 6:18; Heb 1:5
1,2 Kings	anonymous	~950-550 B.C.	Rom 11:3,4
1,2 Chron.	anon. Ezra?	~950-550 B.C.	Heb 1:5
	part written	340 B.C.
Ezra	Ezra	450-430 B.C.	Neh 8:1; 12:32
Nehemiah	Nehemiah	445-430 B.C.	~Ezra 2:2; ~Jn 6:31
Esther	anonymous	~470-424 B.C.	-
Job	anonymous	perhaps 2100	Rom 11:35; 1 Cor 3:19
Psalms	David & others	~1050 B.C.	Mt 4:6; 8:2; 13:35; 21:9,16,42; 22:44; 23:39; 27:46; Mk 11:9; 12:11,36; 15:34; Lk 4:11; 13:35; 19:38; 20:17,43; Jn 2:17; 6:31,45; 10:34; 12:13; 13:18; 15:25; 19:24,36; Acts 1:20 (2 times); 2:28,35; 4:11,26; 13:33,35; Rom 2:6; 3:12,13 (2 times),14,18; 4:8; 10:18; 11:10; 15:3,9,11; 1 Cor 3:20; 10:26; 15:27; 2 Cor 4:13; 9:9; Eph 4:8,26; Heb 1:5,7,9,12,13; 2:8,12; 3:11,15; 4:3,7; 5:5,6; 7:17,21; 10:7,30; 13:6; 1 Pet 2:7; 3:12; Rev 2:27; 19:15
	Ps 137	After 587 B.C.
Proverbs	Solomon, Agur,	~971-931 B.C.	Rom 2:6; 12:20; Heb 12:6,13; Jms 4:6; 1 Pet 4:18; 5:5; 2 Pet 2:22
	Lemuel, others
	25:1 copied	729-686 B.C.
Ecclesiastes	Solomon	After 967 B.C.	- (Rom 3:12 similar concept)
S. of Songs	anonymous	After 967 B.C.	-
Isaiah	Isaiah	696-622 B.C.	Mt 3:3; 4:16; 8:17; 12:21; 13:14-15; 21:13; 24:29; Mk 1:3; 4:12; 7:6,7; 9:48; 11:17; 13:25; Lk 3:4-6; 4:19; 8:10; 19:46; 22:37; Jn 1:23; 12:40; Acts 7:50; 8:33; 13:34,47; 28:27; Rom 2:24; 3;17; 9:20,28,29,33; 15:12,21; 10:15,16,20, 21; 11:8; 14:11; 1 Cor 2:9,16; 14:21; 15:32,54; 2 Cor 6:2,17; Gal 4:27; Heb 2:13 (2 times); 1 Pet 1:25; 2:6,8,22; 3:14
Jeremiah	Jeremiah	627/6-587 B.C.	Mt2:18;21:14;Mk11:17;Lk19:46;23:30;2Cr10:17;Heb9:12;10:16,17
	Jer 52:31-34	~561 B.C.
Lamentations	Likely Jeremiah	586-583 B.C.	-
Ezekiel	Ezekiel	7/593-571 B.C.	Rom 2:24; 2 Cor 6:17
Daniel	Daniel	606-536 B.C.	Mt 24:15; Mk 13:14; Rev 4:14
Hosea	Hosea	~790-710 B.C.	Mt 2:15; 9:13; 12:7; Lk 23:30; Rom 9:25,26; 1 Cor 15:55
Joel	Joel	900;587;400?	Acts 2:21; Rom 10:13
Amos	Amos''''''''''''''''	760 (e'quake)	Acts 7:43; 15:16-18
Obadiah	Obadiah	844;723;585?	-
Jonah	Jonah	~763	2 Ki 14:25; references: Mt 12:39-41; Lk 11:29-32
Micah	Micah	before 722 B.C.	Mt 2:6; 10:36; 10:35-36
Nahum	Nahum	before 612 B.C.	-
Habbakuk	Habbakuk	~697-598 B.C.	Ac 13:41; Rom 1:17; Gal 3:11; Heb 10:38
Zephaniah	Zephaniah	640-609 B.C.	-
Haggai	Haggai	520-515 B.C.	Ezra 5:1; Heb 12:26
Zechariah	Zechariah	520-515 B.C.	Mt 21:5; 26:31; Mk 14:27; Jn 12:15; 19:37
Malachi	Malachi	538; 450-430	Mt 11:10; Mk 1:2; Lk 7:27; Rom 9:13